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        <h1 id="MATLAB语言概述"><a href="#MATLAB语言概述" class="headerlink" title="MATLAB语言概述"></a>MATLAB语言概述</h1><h2 id="科学计算工具"><a href="#科学计算工具" class="headerlink" title="科学计算工具"></a>科学计算工具</h2><div class="table-container">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>年代</th>
<th>计算工具</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>东汉（220年左右）</td>
<td>算盘</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1630年</td>
<td>计算尺</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1970年</td>
<td>计算器</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1980年开始</td>
<td>计算机及科学计算语言 MATLAB</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">线性代数 是计算机显示其优越性的最早的发源地</span><br><span class="line">不要墨守经典，无视现代。</span><br><span class="line">成为时代进步的实践者和宣传员</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="MATLAB语言特点"><a href="#MATLAB语言特点" class="headerlink" title="MATLAB语言特点"></a>MATLAB语言特点</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">MATLAB：MATrix LABoratory </span><br><span class="line">以矩阵运算为基础的交互式程序语言</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ol>
<li><p>起点高</p>
</li>
<li><p>UI</p>
</li>
<li><p>作图功能</p>
</li>
<li><p>功能和可扩展性</p>
</li>
</ol>
<hr>
<h1 id="基本语法"><a href="#基本语法" class="headerlink" title="基本语法"></a>基本语法</h1><ol>
<li>标识符</li>
<li>矩阵及其元素赋值</li>
<li>复数</li>
<li>变量检车</li>
<li>基本赋值矩阵</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="标识符"><a href="#标识符" class="headerlink" title="标识符"></a>标识符</h2><p>大小写区别， 首字符英文<br>双精度的64位 （8个字节）10的+- 308次幂</p>
<h2 id="矩阵赋值"><a href="#矩阵赋值" class="headerlink" title="矩阵赋值"></a>矩阵赋值</h2><figure class="highlight matlab"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">A = [<span class="number">1</span> <span class="number">2</span> <span class="number">3</span>; <span class="number">4</span> <span class="number">5</span> <span class="number">6</span>; <span class="number">7</span> <span class="number">8</span> <span class="number">9</span>]</span><br><span class="line">A =</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">2</span>     <span class="number">3</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">4</span>     <span class="number">5</span>     <span class="number">6</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">7</span>     <span class="number">8</span>     <span class="number">9</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="元素赋值"><a href="#元素赋值" class="headerlink" title="元素赋值"></a>元素赋值</h2><figure class="highlight matlab"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">A(<span class="number">4</span>,<span class="number">3</span>) = <span class="number">6</span></span><br><span class="line">A =</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">2</span>     <span class="number">3</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">4</span>     <span class="number">5</span>     <span class="number">6</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">7</span>     <span class="number">8</span>     <span class="number">9</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">0</span>     <span class="number">0</span>     <span class="number">6</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">6</span>     <span class="number">6</span>     <span class="number">6</span></span><br><span class="line">     </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">A(<span class="number">5</span>,:) = [ <span class="number">6</span> <span class="number">6</span> <span class="number">6</span> ]</span><br><span class="line">A =</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">2</span>     <span class="number">3</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">4</span>     <span class="number">5</span>     <span class="number">6</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">7</span>     <span class="number">8</span>     <span class="number">9</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">0</span>     <span class="number">0</span>     <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">6</span>     <span class="number">6</span>     <span class="number">6</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="元素提取"><a href="#元素提取" class="headerlink" title="元素提取"></a>元素提取</h2><figure class="highlight matlab"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">b = A([<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">4</span>], [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">3</span>]) <span class="comment">% (行, 列) %</span></span><br><span class="line">b =</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">4</span>     <span class="number">6</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">0</span>     <span class="number">6</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="元素的删除"><a href="#元素的删除" class="headerlink" title="元素的删除"></a>元素的删除</h2><figure class="highlight matlab"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">A([<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>], :) = [] <span class="comment">% 2 4 5 行 删除</span></span><br><span class="line">A =</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">2</span>     <span class="number">3</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">7</span>     <span class="number">8</span>     <span class="number">9</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="常数乘法"><a href="#常数乘法" class="headerlink" title="常数乘法"></a>常数乘法</h2><figure class="highlight matlab"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">A*<span class="number">2</span>               <span class="comment">%系数乘法%</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">ans</span> =</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">2</span>     <span class="number">4</span>     <span class="number">6</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">14</span>    <span class="number">16</span>    <span class="number">18</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="矩阵转置"><a href="#矩阵转置" class="headerlink" title="矩阵转置"></a>矩阵转置</h2><p>M行N列  下标交换位置<br><figure class="highlight matlab"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">A'              <span class="comment">%转置%</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">ans</span> =</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">7</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">2</span>     <span class="number">8</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">3</span>     <span class="number">9</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<hr>
<h1 id="特殊矩阵"><a href="#特殊矩阵" class="headerlink" title="特殊矩阵"></a>特殊矩阵</h1><h2 id="赋值函数"><a href="#赋值函数" class="headerlink" title="赋值函数"></a>赋值函数</h2><div class="table-container">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>函数名称</th>
<th>描述</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>zeros(n, m)</td>
<td>全0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ones(n, m)</td>
<td>全1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>rand(n,m)</td>
<td>随机数矩阵</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>randn(n,m)</td>
<td>正态随机矩阵</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>eye(n)</td>
<td>单位矩阵</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<h2 id="变量检查-who-whos"><a href="#变量检查-who-whos" class="headerlink" title="变量检查 who whos"></a>变量检查 who whos</h2><figure class="highlight matlab"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pause,f5=<span class="built_in">linspace</span>(<span class="number">0</span>,<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line">f5 =</span><br><span class="line">         <span class="number">0</span>    <span class="number">0.2500</span>    <span class="number">0.5000</span>    <span class="number">0.7500</span>    <span class="number">1.0000</span></span><br><span class="line">pause,fb1=[f1,f3;f4,f2]</span><br><span class="line">fb1 =</span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">8</span>     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">6</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">3</span>     <span class="number">5</span>     <span class="number">7</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">4</span>     <span class="number">9</span>     <span class="number">2</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">0</span>     <span class="number">0</span>     <span class="number">0</span>     <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="number">0</span>     <span class="number">1</span>     <span class="number">0</span>     <span class="number">0</span>     <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">pause,fb2=[fb1;f5]</span><br><span class="line">fb2 =</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">1.0000</span>    <span class="number">1.0000</span>    <span class="number">8.0000</span>    <span class="number">1.0000</span>    <span class="number">6.0000</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">1.0000</span>    <span class="number">1.0000</span>    <span class="number">3.0000</span>    <span class="number">5.0000</span>    <span class="number">7.0000</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">1.0000</span>    <span class="number">1.0000</span>    <span class="number">4.0000</span>    <span class="number">9.0000</span>    <span class="number">2.0000</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">1.0000</span>         <span class="number">0</span>         <span class="number">0</span>         <span class="number">0</span>         <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">         <span class="number">0</span>    <span class="number">1.0000</span>         <span class="number">0</span>         <span class="number">0</span>         <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line">         <span class="number">0</span>    <span class="number">0.2500</span>    <span class="number">0.5000</span>    <span class="number">0.7500</span>    <span class="number">1.0000</span></span><br><span class="line">pause,f=[<span class="number">0.000073</span> <span class="number">5.33e-6</span>]</span><br><span class="line">f =</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="number">1.0e-04</span> *</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="number">0.7300</span>    <span class="number">0.0533</span></span><br><span class="line">pause,<span class="built_in">disp</span>(<span class="string">' 变量的检查'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> 变量的检查</span><br><span class="line">pause,who</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Your variables are:</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">A        U1       b        f1       f4       fb2      l1       logoax   x1       z        </span><br><span class="line">L        a        c        f2       f5       g        l2       s        x2       </span><br><span class="line">U0       <span class="built_in">ans</span>      f        f3       fb1      ip       logoFig  x        y        </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">pause,whos</span><br><span class="line">  Name          Size            Bytes  Class                                Attributes</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  A             <span class="number">3</span>x4                <span class="number">96</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  L            <span class="number">51</span>x51            <span class="number">20808</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  U0            <span class="number">3</span>x4                <span class="number">96</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  U1            <span class="number">3</span>x4                <span class="number">96</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  a             <span class="number">4</span>x3                <span class="number">96</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">ans</span>           <span class="number">5</span>x5               <span class="number">200</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  b             <span class="number">2</span>x2                <span class="number">32</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  c             <span class="number">1</span>x1                <span class="number">16</span>  double                               <span class="built_in">complex</span>   </span><br><span class="line">  f             <span class="number">1</span>x2                <span class="number">16</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  f1            <span class="number">3</span>x2                <span class="number">48</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  f2            <span class="number">2</span>x3                <span class="number">48</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  f3            <span class="number">3</span>x3                <span class="number">72</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  f4            <span class="number">2</span>x2                <span class="number">32</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  f5            <span class="number">1</span>x5                <span class="number">40</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  fb1           <span class="number">5</span>x5               <span class="number">200</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  fb2           <span class="number">6</span>x5               <span class="number">240</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  g             <span class="number">1</span>x1                <span class="number">16</span>  double                               <span class="built_in">complex</span>   </span><br><span class="line">  ip            <span class="number">1</span>x3                <span class="number">24</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  l1            <span class="number">1</span>x1                 <span class="number">0</span>  matlab.graphics.primitive.Light                </span><br><span class="line">  l2            <span class="number">1</span>x1                 <span class="number">0</span>  matlab.graphics.primitive.Light                </span><br><span class="line">  logoFig       <span class="number">1</span>x1                 <span class="number">0</span>  matlab.ui.Figure                               </span><br><span class="line">  logoax        <span class="number">1</span>x1                 <span class="number">0</span>  matlab.graphics.axis.Axes                      </span><br><span class="line">  s             <span class="number">1</span>x1                 <span class="number">0</span>  matlab.graphics.primitive.Surface              </span><br><span class="line">  x             <span class="number">1</span>x5                <span class="number">40</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  x1            <span class="number">1</span>x1                 <span class="number">8</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  x2            <span class="number">1</span>x1                 <span class="number">8</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  y             <span class="number">1</span>x1                 <span class="number">8</span>  double                                         </span><br><span class="line">  z             <span class="number">2</span>x2                <span class="number">64</span>  double                               <span class="built_in">complex</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

      
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              <ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#MATLAB语言概述"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">MATLAB语言概述</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#科学计算工具"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">科学计算工具</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#MATLAB语言特点"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">MATLAB语言特点</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#基本语法"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">基本语法</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#标识符"><span class="toc-number">2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">标识符</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#矩阵赋值"><span class="toc-number">2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">矩阵赋值</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#元素赋值"><span class="toc-number">2.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">元素赋值</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#元素提取"><span class="toc-number">2.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">元素提取</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#元素的删除"><span class="toc-number">2.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">元素的删除</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#常数乘法"><span class="toc-number">2.6.</span> <span class="toc-text">常数乘法</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#矩阵转置"><span class="toc-number">2.7.</span> <span class="toc-text">矩阵转置</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#特殊矩阵"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">特殊矩阵</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#赋值函数"><span class="toc-number">3.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">赋值函数</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#变量检查-who-whos"><span class="toc-number">3.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">变量检查 who whos</span></a></li></ol></li></ol>
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